Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics

Question Paper 2011 June Batch
Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics
The question paper contain 3 parts
Part A contains 20 questions. Answer any 15 questions (Each question carries 2 marks)
Part B contain 20 questions and all are compulsory (Each question carries 3.5 marks)
Part C contains 25 questions. First 10 are compulsory and from remaining 15, answer any 10 questions (Each question carries 5 marks)
There will be negative marks @ 25% of each wrong answer.

Time : 3hrs
Marks: 200

PART A
For polyatomic gases such as hydrogen the corresponding Phase Space would be ------- dimensional.
3N
3Nf
2Nf
6N
On a (T -S)) diagram, i.e., temperature (T) entropy (S), the isothermals are ---
Parallel to S axis
Parallel to T axis
May have any orientation
Some parallel to T and some parallel to S axis
In a gas the expression for the average speed of the molecule is given by----
√(2kT/m)
√(3kT/m)
√(8kT/πm)
√(kT/m)
Specific heats of a gas at constant volume (Cv) and at constant pressure (Cp) are related as
C_p/C_v =1-R
C_p-C_v=R
C_p-C_v=1/R
C_p+C_v=R
The expression for Maxwell’s distribution of velocities, δn/δc is
4πn (m/2πkT)^(3⁄2) e^(-(mc^2)/2kT) c
4πn (m/2πkT)^(3⁄2) e^(-(mc^2)/2kT) c^2
4πn (m/πkT)^(3⁄2) e^(-(mc^2)/2kT) c^2
4πn (m/2πkT)^(3⁄2) e^(-mc/2kT) c^2
A reversible heat engine can have 100% efficiency if the temperature of sink is-
Less than that of source
Equal to that of source
0oC
O K
In a gas the relative magnitudes of the most probable speed (v_p), the average speed (v ̅)and the root mean square speed(〖 v〗_rms) of the molecule are related by an expression
√2:√(2/π):√3
√2:√(4/π):√3
√2:√(8/π):√3
√2:√(8/π):√6
The combined form of the first and second law of thermodynamics is given by-
TdS=dU+PdV
dQ=TdS+PdV
dU=TdS+dQ
TdS=dU-PdV
A system has N distinguishable particles. Each particle can occupy one of the two non-degenerate states with an energy difference of 0.1 ev. If the system is in thermal equilibrium at room temperature, the approximate fraction of particles in the higher energy state is
exp (-10)
exp (-4)
exp (-2)
Zero
The work done W during an isothermal process in which the gas expands from an initial volume V1 to a final volume V2 is given by
R(V_2-V_1)〖log〗_e (T_1/T_2)
R(T_2-T_1)〖log〗_e (V_1/V_2)
RT〖log〗_e (V_2/V_1)
RT〖log〗_e (V_1/V_2)
Consider the Fermi-dirac distribution function F(E) at room temperature (300 K) where E refers to energy. If Ef is the Fermi energy, which of the following is false?
F(E) is a step function
F(E_f) has a value of ½
States with E F(E) is large and tends to infinity as E decreases much below Ef.
The change in entropy is-
Positive in a reversible change
Negative in an irreversible change
Positive in an irreversible change
Negative in a reversible change
In a micro canonical ensemble, a system A of fixed volume is in contact with a large reservoir B. Then
A can change only energy with B
A can change only particles with B
A can exchange neither energy nor particles with B
A can exchange both energy and particles with B
If a system is in thermal equilibrium separately with B &C, then B and C are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. This statement is –
Zeroth law of T D
First law of T D
Second law of T D
Third law of T D
In a canonical ensemble, a system A of fixed volume is in contact with a large reservoir B. Then-
A can change only energy with B
A can change only particles with B
A can exchange neither energy nor particles with B
A can exchange both energy and particles with B
In a cyclic process-
Work done is zero
Work done by the system is equal to quantity of heat given to the system
Work done does not depend on the quantity of heat given to the system
The internal energy of the system increases
In a grand canonical ensemble, a system A of fixed volume is in contact with a large reservoir B. then-
A can change only energy with B
A can change only particles with B
A can exchange neither energy nor particles with B
A can exchange both energy and particles with B
The ratio of specific heat of a diatomic gas is-
1.66
1.33
1.40
1.52
In case of Bose- Einstein Condensation-
Number of particles increases in lower energy levels at low temperatures and high pressures
Number of particles decreases in lower energy levels at low temperatures and high pressures
Number of particles increases in lower energy levels at high temperatures and low pressures
Number of particles decreases in lower energy levels at high temperatures and low pressures
Which of the following is not Maxwell’s thermodynamic relation?
(∂S/∂V)_T=(∂P/∂T)_V
(∂S/∂P)_T=〖-(∂V/∂T)〗_P

Heat transfer-Objective questions and answers

KAS Physics
Thermal Physics Test number 202

1. Radiation is the chief method of energy transfer
*a. from the sun to an earth satellite b. from a gas flame to water in a teakettle
c. from a soldering iron to metals being soldered. d. from water to an ice cube floating in it e. from a mammal to the surrounding air.

2. of the processes below, the one in which practically all the heat transfer is by conduction is: a. from the sun to an earth satellite b. from a gas flame to the top layer of water in a teakettle. *c. from a soldering iron to metals being soldered d. from the bottom of a glass of water to an ice cube floating in it. e. from a mammal to the surrounding air.

3. two kg of water are heated by stirring, if this raises the temperature of the water from 15˚C to 25˚C, how much work, in joules, was done to the water by the stirring?
a. 20,000 b. 40,000 c. 60,000 *d. 80,000 e. 100,000

4. In a certain steam engine, the average pressure on the piston during a stroke is 50 N/m2. The length of each stroke is 12 cm, the area of the piston is 120 cm2 and the diameter of the flywheel is 5m. the amount of work done on the piston during each stroke is, in N-m, approximatelyy
a. 250 *b.0.072 c. 0.54 d.1.63 e. 12.62

5. the work done by a system is characterized as
*a. Positive b. Negative c. either positive or negative d. indeterminate
e. of no consequence

6. which of the following can actually lower the internal energy (cool) a room?
a. Fan b. refrigerator with door open
c. refrigerator with door closed d. an air conditioner in the middle of the room
*e. an air conditional partially exposed to the outside

7. 30 joules of heat flow into a system. the system in turn does 50 J of work. The internal energy of the system has
a. increased by 80 J b. decreased by 80 J c. increased by 20 J d. decreased by 20 J
*e. remained constant

8. dark, rough objects are generally good for
a. Conduction *b. Radiation c. Convection d. Reflection e. refraction

9. dark plastic handles are often used on kitchen utensils because
a. the black material is a good radiator *b. the plastic is a good insulator
c. The plasticic is a good conductor d. the plastic softens gradually with excessive heat.
e. the material is thermoplastic

The Golden Ratio and Beauty in Art

The Golden Ratio has a great impact on art, influencing artists' perspectives of a pleasant art piece. Have you ever wondered why Da Vinci's Mona Lisa looks so beautiful? Da Vinci, a sculpture, painter, inventor and a mathematician, was the first one who first called Phi the Golden Ratio. And scientifically, her face actually appears in a golden rectangle, which also makes her face appear more beautiful to human eyes. Also another masterpiece, the Last Supper, contains Golden Ratios. The French Impressionist painter George Seurat is famous by his new technique of drawing - Pointilism, he is said to have "attacked every canvas by the golden section."
Mona Lisa

Mona Lisa's face is a perfect golden rectangle, according to the ratio of the width of her forehead compared to the length from the top of her head to her chin.

The golden ratio = 1.61803399

General Science MCQ and A

Here are some general science quiz questions along with answers to increase your general knowledge about science.
General Science Quiz Questions

1. Which instrument is used to measure pressure?
1. Saccharimeter
2. Ammeter
3. Manometer
4. Lactometer

2. What does Angstrom measure?
1. Quantity of liquid
2. Length of light waves
3. Length of cables
4. Speed of ships

3. Light year is related to
1. Energy
2. Speed
3. Distance
4. Intensity

4. Match the following columns
Column 1 Column 2
A. Relative 1. Pyrometer humidity
B. Anemometer 2. High temperature
C. Navigation 3. Hygrometer
D. Direction of wind 4. Chronometer
1 2 3 4
a. B D A C
b. D B A C
c. A D B C
d. C A D B

5. Which of the following instruments is used to measure pressure of gases?
1. Barometer
2. Manometer
3. Ammeter
4. None of these

6. Joule is the unit of
1. Temperature pressure
2. Energy
3. Heat

7. How many Dynes are there in one gram weight?
1. 900
2. 375
3. 981
4. 250

8. How many Ergs are these in 1 Joule?
1. 102
2. 104
3. 106
4. 107

9. The unit of current is
1. Ohm
2. Watt
3. Ampere
4. None of these

10. The unit of energy in MKS system is
1. Volt
2. Erg
3. Ohm
4. Joule

11. The intensity of an earthquake is measured with a
1. Barometer
2. Hydrometer
3. Polygraph
4. Seismograph

12. Centigrade & Fahrenheit scales give same reading at
1. - 40°
2. - 32°
3. - 273°
4. - 100°

13. Match the following columns
Column 1 Column 2
A. Anemometer 1. To measure underwater depth using sound
B. Aneroid barometer 2. To measure very small distances
C. Micrometer 3. Find out wind speed
D. Fathometer 4. Find out direction of wind
5. Measure atmospheric pressure
1 2 3 4
a. A4 B5 C3 D1
b. A3 B5 C2 D1
c. A5 B1 C3 D4
d. A3 B1 C5 D2

14. Who among the following described protoplasm as the physical basis of life?
1. T. H. Huxley
2. Leeuwenhoek
3. Rudolf Virchow
4. J. C. Bose

15. The scientist who first discovered that the earth revolves round the sun was
1. Newton
2. Dalton
3. Copernicus
4. Einstein

16. Alexander Fleming discovered
1. Penicillin
2. X-ray
3. Streptomycin
4. Telephone

17. Who among following invented the steam engine?
1. Marconi
2. James Watt
3. Thomas Savery
4. Wright Brothers

18. Who invented typewriter?
1. Shockley
2. Pascal
3. Sholes
4. Waterman

19. Match the following columns:
Column 1 Column 2
A. Proton 1. Chadwick
B. Neutron 2. Millikan
C. Charged Electron 3. Goldstein
D. Shelled nature of atom 4. Rutherford
5. Madam Curie
a. A1 B2 C3 D5
b. A2 B1 C4 D3
c. A2 B3 C1 D4
d. A4 B2 C3 D1

20. Who discovered circulation of blood in human body?
1. Edward Jenner
2. Joseph Lister
3. William Harvey
4. Jonon Esals

21. The first attempt in printing was made in England by
1. James Arkwright
2. James Watt
3. William Caxton
4. Isaac Newton

22. Who was the surgeon who pioneered antiseptic surgery in 1865?
1. Edward Jenner
2. Joseph Lister
3. Henry William
4. John Sleeman

23. The credit of inventing the television goes to
1. Faraday
2. Baird
3. Edison
4. Marconi

24. The credit of developing the polio vaccine goes to
1. Jonas Salk
2. Alb E. Sabin
3. Selman Waksman
4. None of these

25. Mark the wrong combination
1. James Watt: Steam Engine
2. A.G. Bell: Telephone
3. J. L. Baird: Television
4. J. Perkins: Penicillin

26. Choose the correct combination
1. Typewriter: Remington
2. Dynamite: Dunlop
3. Evolution: Darwin
4. Aeroplane: Harway

27. Who invented the ball point pen?
1. Waterman
2. Oscar
3. Wilson
4. Lazlo Biro

28. Blaze Pascal is associated with
1. Calculating machine
2. Computer
3. Cinema
4. None of these

29. Wright Brothers are regarded inventors of the
1. Balloon
2. Bicycle
3. Aeroplane
4. None of these

30. Which of the following pairs is incorrect?
1. Roentgen: X-ray
2. Newton: Law of gravitation
3. Faraday: Diffusion of gases
4. Pasteur: Bacteriology

31. Philology is the
1. Study of bones
2. Study of muscles
3. Study of architecture
4. Study of languages

32. Anatomy is the branch of science which deals with
1. Structure of animals and plants
2. Functioning of body organs
3. Animal behavior
4. Cells and tissues

33. Study of earthquakes is known as
1. Ecology
2. Seismology
3. Numismatics
4. None of these

34. Ecology deals with
1. Birds
2. Cell formation
3. Relation between Organisms and their environment
4. Tissues

35. Meteorology is the science of
1. Weather
2. Meteors
3. Metals
4. Earthquakes

36. Oncology is the study of
1. Birds
2. Cancer
3. Mammals
4. Soil

37. Study of life in outer space is known as
1. Endobiology
2. Exobiology
3. Enterobiology
4. Neobiology

38. Numismatics is the study of
1. Coins
2. Numbers
3. Stamps
4. Space

39. Eugenics is the study of
1. Altering humans beings by changing their genetic components
2. People of European origin
3. Different races of mankind
4. Genetics of plants

40. Ornithology is the
1. Study of bones
2. Study of birds
3. Study of smells
4. None of these

41. Who invented the Doctor’s thermometer?
1. Fahrenheit
2. Edison
3. Galileo
4. None of these

42. The velocity of light was first measured by
1. Einstein
2. Newton
3. Romer
4. Galileo

43. Who proposed the chemical evolution of life?
1. Darwin
2. Lammarck
3. Oparin
4. Haechel

44. The telephone was invented by
1. John Logie Baird
2. Alexander Graham Bell
3. Thomas Elva Edison
4. James Watt

45. Who among the following evolved the concept of relationship between mass and energy?
1. Einstein
2. Planck
3. Dalton
4. Rutherford

46. Match the following columns:
Column 1 Column 2
A. Radioactivity 1. Planck
B. Periodic Table 2. Thomson
C. Quantum Theory 3. Rutherford
D. X-Rays 4. Mendeleev
5. Roentgen
6. Becquerel
a. A1 B3 C5 D2
b. A6 B5 C3 D5
c. A3 B2 C1 D5
d. A6 B4 C1 D5

47. Match the following columns:
Column 1 Column 2
A. Marconi 1. Radio
B. Darwin 2. Natural selection theory
C. Laennec 3. Orthogenesis theory
D. Baird 4. Stethoscope
5. Television
a. A1 B3 C4 D5
b. A5 B4 C3 D2
c. A1 B2 C4 D5
d. A3 B5 C2 D4

48. Robert Koch worked on
1. Tuberculosis
2. Cholera
3. Malaria
4. Diabetes

49. Who discovered Uranus?
1. Herschel
2. Ganleo
3. Copernicus
4. None of these

50. Who among the following is associated with the invention of computers?
1. Edison
2. Babbage
3. Mac Millen
4. Rangabhashyam

Answers to General Science Quiz Questions

1. c 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. b
6. c 7. c 8. d 9. c 10. d
11. d 12. a 13. b 14. a 15. c
16. a 17. b 18. c 19. c 20. c
21. c 22. b 23. b 24. a 25. d
26. c 27. d 28. a 29. c 30. c
31. d 32. a 33. b 34. c 35. a
36. b 37. b 38. a 39. a 40. b
41. a 42. c 43. c 44. b 45. a
46. d 47. c 48. a 49. a 50.

Wafer-thin majority of UDF cheers none.

The wafer-thin majority of two seats in the 140-member Assembly for Congress-led UDF cheer none in the front and the people who wished to see the end of misrule of LDF for last five years. UDF won only 72 seats, crossing the magic figure of 71 required for a simple majority. It is all with Achuthanandan’s propaganda the LDF succeeded in staving off the anti-incumbency trend against the government, which was reflected in the 2009 Lok Sabha polls and civic elections last year. Pinarayi and coterie have no contribution to the 68 seats of the LDF.

Oommen Chandy and company are on the way to Raj Bhavan, however, sleepless nights await Chandy. It is very tough to sail over with Virendra Kumar, Shibu Baby John, T M Jacob and all other ministerial berth mongers of the UDF.

-K A Solaman