All Nobel Prizes in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded 104 times to 189 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2010. John Bardeen is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice, in 1956 and 1972. This means that a total of 188 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Physics.

2010
Andre Geim, Konstantin Novoselov
2009
Charles Kuen Kao, Willard S. Boyle, George E. Smith
2008
Yoichiro Nambu, Makoto Kobayashi, Toshihide Maskawa
2007
Albert Fert, Peter Grünberg
2006
John C. Mather, George F. Smoot
2005
Roy J. Glauber, John L. Hall, Theodor W. Hänsch
2004
David J. Gross, H. David Politzer, Frank Wilczek
2003
Alexei A. Abrikosov, Vitaly L. Ginzburg, Anthony J. Leggett
2002
Raymond Davis Jr., Masatoshi Koshiba, Riccardo Giacconi
2001
Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman
2000
Zhores I. Alferov, Herbert Kroemer, Jack S. Kilby
1999
Gerardus 't Hooft, Martinus J.G. Veltman
1998
Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. Störmer, Daniel C. Tsui
1997
Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Phillips
1996
David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson
1995
Martin L. Perl, Frederick Reines
1994
Bertram N. Brockhouse, Clifford G. Shull
1993
Russell A. Hulse, Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
1992
Georges Charpak
1991
Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
1990
Jerome I. Friedman, Henry W. Kendall, Richard E. Taylor
1989
Norman F. Ramsey, Hans G. Dehmelt, Wolfgang Paul
1988
Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz, Jack Steinberger
1987
J. Georg Bednorz, K. Alexander Müller
1986
Ernst Ruska, Gerd Binnig, Heinrich Rohrer
1985
Klaus von Klitzing
1984
Carlo Rubbia, Simon van der Meer
1983
Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, William Alfred Fowler
1982
Kenneth G. Wilson
1981
Nicolaas Bloembergen, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Kai M. Siegbahn
1980
James Watson Cronin, Val Logsdon Fitch
1979
Sheldon Lee Glashow, Abdus Salam, Steven Weinberg
1978
Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Arno Allan Penzias, Robert Woodrow Wilson
1977
Philip Warren Anderson, Sir Nevill Francis Mott, John Hasbrouck van Vleck
1976
Burton Richter, Samuel Chao Chung Ting
1975
Aage Niels Bohr, Ben Roy Mottelson, Leo James Rainwater
1974
Sir Martin Ryle, Antony Hewish
1973
Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian David Josephson
1972
John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper, John Robert Schrieffer
1971
Dennis Gabor
1970
Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén, Louis Eugène Félix Néel
1969
Murray Gell-Mann
1968
Luis Walter Alvarez
1967
Hans Albrecht Bethe
1966
Alfred Kastler
1965
Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, Richard P. Feynman
1964
Charles Hard Townes, Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov
1963
Eugene Paul Wigner, Maria Goeppert-Mayer, J. Hans D. Jensen
1962
Lev Davidovich Landau
1961
Robert Hofstadter, Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer
1960
Donald Arthur Glaser
1959
Emilio Gino Segrè, Owen Chamberlain
1958
Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Il´ja Mikhailovich Frank, Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm
1957
Chen Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao (T.D.) Lee
1956
William Bradford Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain
1955
Willis Eugene Lamb, Polykarp Kusch
1954
Max Born, Walther Bothe
1953
Frits (Frederik) Zernike
1952
Felix Bloch, Edward Mills Purcell
1951
Sir John Douglas Cockcroft, Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton
1950
Cecil Frank Powell
1949
Hideki Yukawa
1948
Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett
1947
Sir Edward Victor Appleton
1946
Percy Williams Bridgman
1945
Wolfgang Pauli
1944
Isidor Isaac Rabi
1943
Otto Stern
1942
No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1941
No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1940
No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1939
Ernest Orlando Lawrence
1938
Enrico Fermi
1937
Clinton Joseph Davisson, George Paget Thomson
1936
Victor Franz Hess, Carl David Anderson
1935
James Chadwick
1934
No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1933
Erwin Schrödinger, Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac
1932
Werner Karl Heisenberg
1931
No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1930
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
1929
Prince Louis-Victor Pierre Raymond de Broglie
1928
Owen Willans Richardson
1927
Arthur Holly Compton, Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
1926
Jean Baptiste Perrin
1925
James Franck, Gustav Ludwig Hertz
1924
Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn
1923
Robert Andrews Millikan
1922
Niels Henrik David Bohr
1921
Albert Einstein
1920
Charles Edouard Guillaume
1919
Johannes Stark
1918
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck
1917
Charles Glover Barkla
1916
No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1915
Sir William Henry Bragg, William Lawrence Bragg
1914
Max von Laue
1913
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
1912
Nils Gustaf Dalén
1911
Wilhelm Wien
1910
Johannes Diderik van der Waals
1909
Guglielmo Marconi, Karl Ferdinand Braun
1908
Gabriel Lippmann
1907
Albert Abraham Michelson
1906
Joseph John Thomson
1905
Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard
1904
Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt)
1903
Antoine Henri Becquerel, Pierre Curie, Marie Curie, née Sklodowska
1902
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, Pieter Zeeman
1901
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen

Verdict against caste politics.

How miserably the politicians read the public mind, is evident from outbursts of Lalu Prasad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan a day before the election results in Bihar.
They claimed a big leap for them in the Bihar Election but unfortunately it was a big blow. NDA leader and CM Nitish Kumar has driven to a remarkable electoral feat by securing 84 percent of the seats in the Bihar Assembly. Lalu, Paswan et al can go to hibernation for next five years and the National Congress leaders have nothing to cheer. Who said the Bihar people are illiterate and are guided by malicious propaganda?

Those who fought the election on the basis of caste in Bihar had been defeated and it is a direct warning to those who resort to caste politics in rest of the country.

K A Solaman

Quick bucks for private colleges!

Many of the affiliated colleges in Kerala are in killing spree in disguise for the appointment of teachers to their various faculties. One of the major handicaps the managements face with, is the lack of NET/JRF qualified candidates with liquid cash in tune with 20 or 30 lakhs. Then, came news from some flip-side doors of the UGC stating that candidates with M Phil can also apply for the posts. On hearing this there was a heavy rush for purchase of application forms from the office-counters of private colleges and it attracted some quick bucks to the managements. The managements were also happy of getting an immediate fortune without much hardships. If demand is high the auction amount is also high.

But unfortunately, soon arrived a clarification from the UGC that candidates should be NET qualified for appointment, sending the management to an immoderate despair. However, the Mundassery II of Kerala is contemplating to dilute the UGC stipulations in collusion with all gluttonous managements.

Will the Managements pay back the application money in tune with Rs 500 or 750 they collected from candidates for one-day clearance sale of application forms? Will the Government check up the rank lists of candidates waiting for appointment in these colleges? Is there any management in Kerala, still waiting to appoint from their lists because of non-compliance of candidates with adequate fund? Will the Government ask private college managements to publish the rank lists on their website, as PSC do, on the very next day after the interview? There should be some corroboration in the acts of private college managements in Kerala because salary to the privileged ones appointed in these colleges, are paid from State exchequer.

K A Solaman

Good news from Myanmar

Report from Myanmar is a matter of relief for the rest of the world. Aung San Suu Kyi has been released by the military rulers of Myanmar. Presumably she could lead her party for the imminent Myanmar general election if the military rulers do not impose further restrictions. Most probably Myanmar’s calming posture by releasing Aung San Suu Kyi was the outcome of U S President Barack Obama stance on the issue. Obama has personally supported for the release of Aung San Suu Kyi during his recent visit to India.

It is good for Myanmar if the rulers of that country so decide to demonstrate faith in Democracy and thereby to avoid further diplomatic isolation from all world countries.

K A Solaman